3D Biology Based Macrophage Differentiation and Activation Assessment

Creative Biolabs provides services for the measurement of macrophages with our advanced 3D modeling platform.

Backgrounds

Diverse sources

• Monocytes migrate and differentiate into particular types of macrophages that continuously dwell in tissues, such as osteoclasts in bone, microglia in the brain, Kupffer cells in the liver, and pneumocytes in alveoli, and demonstrate notable heterogeneity.
• During early embryonic, macrophages differentiate in the extraembryonic yolk sac and are precisely localized to various target organs in the embryo, driven by blood circulation, thus forming resident macrophages.

Showing multiple morphologies

• Different variables cause the differentiation of various macrophage phenotypes, such as epigenetics, intercellular contacts, post-transcriptional pathways, and metabolites.
• It is classified as either M1 type, which has high expression of CD40, CD80, and CD25, or M2 type, which has high expression of CD206 and CD163. Such activation in the direction of different subtypes closely affects homeostasis as well as inflammation-related pathology.
• The presence of foreign chemicals and their metabolites might potentially change the activation status.

Association with pathology

• Dysregulated M1 maintains chronic inflammation and increases the risk of cancer.
• Highly dense M2 phenotype at the advanced tumor stage causes a poor prognostic response.
• Inappropriately activated M2-type macrophages induce fibrosis or chronic non-healing wounds.

Fig. 1 Biomarkers of two phenotypes.¹

Process

• Isolation and screening of specialized tissue-resident subpopulations, or iPSC differentiation can be considered for modeling.
• Flow cytometry-based and multiple quantitative or semi-quantitative methods to evaluate the macrophages.
• Measuring the level of macrophage secretion and inflammation and determining how different intervening variables and tactics affect their work.

Benefits of 3D Biology-Based Evaluation

• The focus is on the interaction of macrophages with the primary environment, through submerged matrigel culture or monolithic culture methods to reconstruct in vitro a structure containing multiple cell types.
• Reduce the possibility that contamination during the isolation of macrophages and model creation would affect the outcomes of the assay.
• The strict control of the modeling facilitates reproducible assays.
• Simulate the intricate cellular interplay to properly interpret test results and understand the mechanisms.

Creative Biolabs offers services to determine macrophages based on well-defined 3D models to help discuss prospective preclinical drug efficacy studies in diseases. Please contact us to expedite your project.

Related Sections:

• 3D Biology Based Multi-Omics Analysis Services
• 3D Biology Based Immune Response Analysis Services
• 3D Biology Based Target Analysis and Validation Services